The idea of breaking up the responsibilities of The Internet Protocol Stack into different layers in a nested structure that abstracts the work of the lower layers.
This process:
- Takes the message from The Application Layer
- Wraps it in information from The Transport Layer turning it into a Segment
- Wraps it in information from The Network Layer resulting in a Datagram]]
- Wraps it in information from The Link Layer which makes it a Frame.
This shows how at each stage we have a different
Thus at each layer, a packet has two fields:
- Header field: information from the current layer.
- Payload field: a packet from the layer above.
Example
The OSI Model
